What is the main consequence of fragmentation damage?

The main consequence of fragmentation damage is the destruction from shrapnel. When a device such as a bomb or explosive detonates, it typically produces fragments, which can be pieces of the explosive itself, casing materials, or other debris propelled outward at high speeds. These fragments can cause severe injuries or fatalities to individuals within the vicinity, as they can inflict deep lacerations and penetrating wounds. The nature of fragmentation damage is significant because it is often the cause of the most serious injuries during explosive incidents, highlighting the importance of understanding shrapnel dynamics in security and safety planning.

The other choices, while related to safety and damage, do not encapsulate the core effect of fragmentation damage. Increased security measures may be a response to the threat of fragmentation, but they are not a consequence. Minor injuries to bystanders could occur but do not address the potentially lethal nature of shrapnel. Structural instability may result from certain types of blasts, but it is less specific to the destructive consequences associated with fragmentation damage itself.