What does electronic surveillance include in law enforcement?

Electronic surveillance in law enforcement encompasses a broad range of monitoring techniques that leverage technology to gather information about individuals' activities or communications. The correct answer references monitoring through GPS and social media, which are both integral components of modern electronic surveillance methods.

GPS tracking allows law enforcement to ascertain the movements and locations of persons of interest, enhancing situational awareness and operational strategy without necessitating physical presence. Similarly, monitoring social media platforms provides agencies with insights into public interactions, communication patterns, and possible criminal activity, all of which can be crucial for investigations.

The other choices limit the scope of electronic surveillance in significant ways. For instance, the first option restricts the definition to just cameras used in public spaces, neglecting numerous other technologies that can be utilized for monitoring. The option regarding recording methods used without consent suggests a specific focus on non-consensual recordings, which is just one aspect of electronic surveillance and fails to encompass the extensive range of techniques available. Lastly, asserting that electronic surveillance consists only of physical observation overlooks the technological advancements that have revolutionized data collection and surveillance methods in law enforcement today.